Assessing Incidence of Associated Oral Complications Among Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Objective: Aside from affecting various organs such as the eyes, kidneys, and heart, diabetes can also lead to significant complications in oral health. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of oral complications linked to diabetes and to evaluate the oral hygiene status of diabetic patients. Methods: 400 patients who applied to Imam Khomeini University Hospital's endocrinology department in Iran and who were between the ages of 30 and 60 and had been diagnosed with diabetes for at least two years were included in this study. A 16-item survey form was completed by volunteer patients. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHIS) was used to assess the state of oral hygiene. Results: Oral findings were observed in 88.25% of the cases. A statistically significant relationship was found between the increase in HbA1c levels and the increased frequency of oral manifestations (p=0.04). The most prevalent symptoms related to oral complications were dry mouth (57.75%) and an unpleasant taste in the mouth (22.25%). 22% of individuals reported that they used miswak (salvadora persica). In 72.5% of cases, dental hygiene was moderate. Conclusion: The prevalence of accompanying oral complications in diabetic patients was identified to be notably high. It is crucial for physicians to educate and guide patients toward achieving optimal oral hygiene to restore oral health in individuals with diabetes. Ensuring optimal oral hygiene is essential to mitigate the impact of oral complications caused by diabetes.